diff --git a/app/globals.css b/app/globals.css
index 67778bf..fc8ca05 100644
--- a/app/globals.css
+++ b/app/globals.css
@@ -156,6 +156,21 @@
     font-feature-settings: "rlig" 1, "calt" 1;
   }
 
+  /* Enhanced focus indicators for accessibility */
+  *:focus-visible {
+    outline: 2px solid var(--ring);
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+  }
+
+  button:focus-visible,
+  input:focus-visible,
+  select:focus-visible,
+  textarea:focus-visible,
+  [role="button"]:focus-visible {
+    outline: 2px solid var(--ring);
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+  }
+
   /* Apply custom scrollbar globally with primary color accent */
   * {
     scrollbar-width: thin;
diff --git a/components/editor/file-menu.tsx b/components/editor/file-menu.tsx
index d06004c..07fe20e 100644
--- a/components/editor/file-menu.tsx
+++ b/components/editor/file-menu.tsx
@@ -52,10 +52,13 @@ export function FileMenu() {
       <div className="relative">
         <button
           onClick={() => setIsMenuOpen(!isMenuOpen)}
-          className="flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-2 hover:bg-accent rounded-md transition-colors"
+          className="flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-2 hover:bg-accent rounded-md transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-ring focus:ring-offset-2"
+          aria-label="File menu"
+          aria-expanded={isMenuOpen}
+          aria-haspopup="menu"
         >
           <span className="text-sm font-medium">File</span>
-          <ChevronDown className="h-4 w-4" />
+          <ChevronDown className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
         </button>
 
         {isMenuOpen && (
@@ -63,34 +66,42 @@ export function FileMenu() {
             <div
               className="fixed inset-0 z-10"
               onClick={() => setIsMenuOpen(false)}
+              aria-hidden="true"
             />
-            <div className="absolute left-0 top-full mt-1 w-48 bg-card border border-border rounded-md shadow-lg z-20">
+            <div
+              className="absolute left-0 top-full mt-1 w-48 bg-card border border-border rounded-md shadow-lg z-20"
+              role="menu"
+              aria-label="File operations"
+            >
               <button
                 onClick={() => {
                   setIsNewDialogOpen(true);
                   setIsMenuOpen(false);
                 }}
-                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors"
+                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:bg-accent text-left"
+                role="menuitem"
               >
-                <FileImage className="h-4 w-4" />
+                <FileImage className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                 New Image
               </button>
 
               <button
                 onClick={handleOpenFile}
-                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors"
+                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:bg-accent text-left"
+                role="menuitem"
               >
-                <FolderOpen className="h-4 w-4" />
+                <FolderOpen className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                 Open...
               </button>
 
-              <div className="h-px bg-border my-1" />
+              <div className="h-px bg-border my-1" role="separator" />
 
               <button
                 onClick={handleSaveProject}
-                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors"
+                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:bg-accent text-left"
+                role="menuitem"
               >
-                <Save className="h-4 w-4" />
+                <Save className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                 Save Project
               </button>
 
@@ -99,9 +110,10 @@ export function FileMenu() {
                   setIsExportDialogOpen(true);
                   setIsMenuOpen(false);
                 }}
-                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors"
+                className="flex items-center gap-3 w-full px-4 py-2 text-sm hover:bg-accent transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:bg-accent text-left"
+                role="menuitem"
               >
-                <Download className="h-4 w-4" />
+                <Download className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                 Export Image...
               </button>
             </div>
diff --git a/components/editor/theme-toggle.tsx b/components/editor/theme-toggle.tsx
index e119677..24dbd68 100644
--- a/components/editor/theme-toggle.tsx
+++ b/components/editor/theme-toggle.tsx
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export function ThemeToggle() {
       <button
         className="rounded-md p-2 text-muted-foreground"
         disabled
+        aria-label="Theme toggle loading"
       >
         <Sun className="h-4 w-4" />
       </button>
@@ -42,13 +43,15 @@ export function ThemeToggle() {
   return (
     <button
       onClick={toggleTheme}
-      className="rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-accent transition-colors"
+      className="rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-accent transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-ring focus:ring-offset-2"
+      aria-label={`Switch to ${theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light'} mode`}
+      aria-pressed={theme === 'dark'}
       title={`Switch to ${theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light'} mode`}
     >
       {theme === 'light' ? (
-        <Moon className="h-4 w-4" />
+        <Moon className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
       ) : (
-        <Sun className="h-4 w-4" />
+        <Sun className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
       )}
     </button>
   );
diff --git a/components/tools/tool-palette.tsx b/components/tools/tool-palette.tsx
index e3cbe4a..b658fe3 100644
--- a/components/tools/tool-palette.tsx
+++ b/components/tools/tool-palette.tsx
@@ -27,7 +27,11 @@ export function ToolPalette() {
   const { activeTool, setActiveTool } = useToolStore();
 
   return (
-    <div className="flex flex-col bg-card border-r border-border w-16">
+    <nav
+      className="flex flex-col bg-card border-r border-border w-16"
+      role="toolbar"
+      aria-label="Drawing tools"
+    >
       <div className="border-b border-border p-2">
         <h2 className="text-xs font-semibold text-card-foreground text-center">
           Tools
@@ -40,17 +44,19 @@ export function ToolPalette() {
             key={tool.type}
             onClick={() => setActiveTool(tool.type)}
             className={cn(
-              'w-full aspect-square flex items-center justify-center rounded-md transition-colors',
+              'w-full aspect-square flex items-center justify-center rounded-md transition-colors focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-ring focus:ring-offset-2',
               activeTool === tool.type
                 ? 'bg-primary text-primary-foreground'
                 : 'hover:bg-accent text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground'
             )}
+            aria-label={tool.label}
+            aria-pressed={activeTool === tool.type}
             title={tool.label}
           >
             {tool.icon}
           </button>
         ))}
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </nav>
   );
 }