[Auth] Add keyring support for Codex CLI (#5591)

Follow-up PR to #5569. Add Keyring Support for Auth Storage in Codex CLI
as well as a hybrid mode (default to persisting in keychain but fall
back to file when unavailable.)

It also refactors out the keyringstore implementation from rmcp-client
[here](https://github.com/openai/codex/blob/main/codex-rs/rmcp-client/src/oauth.rs)
to a new keyring-store crate.

There will be a follow-up that picks the right credential mode depending
on the config, instead of hardcoding `AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File`.

codex-rs/Cargo.lock

@@ -1064,6 +1064,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "codex-async-utils",
  "codex-file-search",
  "codex-git-tooling",
+ "codex-keyring-store",
  "codex-otel",
  "codex-protocol",
  "codex-rmcp-client",
@@ -1082,6 +1083,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "http",
  "image",
  "indexmap 2.10.0",
+ "keyring",
  "landlock",
  "libc",
  "maplit",
@@ -1098,6 +1100,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
  "serial_test",
  "sha1",
+ "sha2",
  "shlex",
  "similar",
  "strum_macros 0.27.2",
@@ -1221,6 +1224,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "walkdir",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "codex-keyring-store"
+version = "0.0.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "keyring",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "codex-linux-sandbox"
 version = "0.0.0"
@@ -1386,6 +1397,7 @@ version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "axum",
+ "codex-keyring-store",
  "codex-protocol",
  "dirs",
  "escargot",

codex-rs/Cargo.toml

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ members = [
     "core",
     "exec",
     "execpolicy",
+    "keyring-store",
     "file-search",
     "git-tooling",
     "linux-sandbox",
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ codex-exec = { path = "exec" }
 codex-feedback = { path = "feedback" }
 codex-file-search = { path = "file-search" }
 codex-git-tooling = { path = "git-tooling" }
+codex-keyring-store = { path = "keyring-store" }
 codex-linux-sandbox = { path = "linux-sandbox" }
 codex-login = { path = "login" }
 codex-mcp-server = { path = "mcp-server" }

codex-rs/core/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,15 +21,16 @@ bytes = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 codex-app-server-protocol = { workspace = true }
 codex-apply-patch = { workspace = true }
+codex-async-utils = { workspace = true }
 codex-file-search = { workspace = true }
+codex-git-tooling = { workspace = true }
+codex-keyring-store = { workspace = true }
 codex-otel = { workspace = true, features = ["otel"] }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
-codex-git-tooling = { workspace = true }
 codex-rmcp-client = { workspace = true }
-codex-async-utils = { workspace = true }
-codex-utils-string = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-pty = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-readiness = { workspace = true }
+codex-utils-string = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-tokenizer = { workspace = true }
 dirs = { workspace = true }
 dunce = { workspace = true }
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ eventsource-stream = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 http = { workspace = true }
 indexmap = { workspace = true }
+keyring = { workspace = true }
 libc = { workspace = true }
 mcp-types = { workspace = true }
 os_info = { workspace = true }
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["json", "stream"] }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 sha1 = { workspace = true }
+sha2 = { workspace = true }
 shlex = { workspace = true }
 similar = { workspace = true }
 strum_macros = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/core/src/auth/storage.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ use chrono::DateTime;
 use chrono::Utc;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
+use sha2::Digest;
+use sha2::Sha256;
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::fs::OpenOptions;
@@ -12,8 +14,11 @@ use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use tracing::warn;
 
 use crate::token_data::TokenData;
+use codex_keyring_store::DefaultKeyringStore;
+use codex_keyring_store::KeyringStore;
 
 /// Determine where Codex should store CLI auth credentials.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -22,7 +27,10 @@ pub enum AuthCredentialsStoreMode {
     #[default]
     /// Persist credentials in CODEX_HOME/auth.json.
     File,
-    // TODO: Implement keyring support.
+    /// Persist credentials in the keyring. Fail if unavailable.
+    Keyring,
+    /// Use keyring when available; otherwise, fall back to a file in CODEX_HOME.
+    Auto,
 }
 
 /// Expected structure for $CODEX_HOME/auth.json.
@@ -114,25 +122,177 @@ impl AuthStorageBackend for FileAuthStorage {
     }
 }
 
+const KEYRING_SERVICE: &str = "Codex Auth";
+
+// turns codex_home path into a stable, short key string
+fn compute_store_key(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<String> {
+    let canonical = codex_home
+        .canonicalize()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| codex_home.to_path_buf());
+    let path_str = canonical.to_string_lossy();
+    let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
+    hasher.update(path_str.as_bytes());
+    let digest = hasher.finalize();
+    let hex = format!("{digest:x}");
+    let truncated = hex.get(..16).unwrap_or(&hex);
+    Ok(format!("cli|{truncated}"))
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct KeyringAuthStorage {
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+    keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>,
+}
+
+impl KeyringAuthStorage {
+    fn new(codex_home: PathBuf, keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            codex_home,
+            keyring_store,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn load_from_keyring(&self, key: &str) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        match self.keyring_store.load(KEYRING_SERVICE, key) {
+            Ok(Some(serialized)) => serde_json::from_str(&serialized).map(Some).map_err(|err| {
+                std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                    "failed to deserialize CLI auth from keyring: {err}"
+                ))
+            }),
+            Ok(None) => Ok(None),
+            Err(error) => Err(std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                "failed to load CLI auth from keyring: {}",
+                error.message()
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save_to_keyring(&self, key: &str, value: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        match self.keyring_store.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, key, value) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(error) => {
+                let message = format!(
+                    "failed to write OAuth tokens to keyring: {}",
+                    error.message()
+                );
+                warn!("{message}");
+                Err(std::io::Error::other(message))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AuthStorageBackend for KeyringAuthStorage {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        self.load_from_keyring(&key)
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, auth: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        // Simpler error mapping per style: prefer method reference over closure
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(auth).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        self.save_to_keyring(&key, &serialized)?;
+        if let Err(err) = delete_file_if_exists(&self.codex_home) {
+            warn!("failed to remove CLI auth fallback file: {err}");
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        let keyring_removed = self
+            .keyring_store
+            .delete(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key)
+            .map_err(|err| {
+                std::io::Error::other(format!("failed to delete auth from keyring: {err}"))
+            })?;
+        let file_removed = delete_file_if_exists(&self.codex_home)?;
+        Ok(keyring_removed || file_removed)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct AutoAuthStorage {
+    keyring_storage: Arc<KeyringAuthStorage>,
+    file_storage: Arc<FileAuthStorage>,
+}
+
+impl AutoAuthStorage {
+    fn new(codex_home: PathBuf, keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            keyring_storage: Arc::new(KeyringAuthStorage::new(codex_home.clone(), keyring_store)),
+            file_storage: Arc::new(FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AuthStorageBackend for AutoAuthStorage {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        match self.keyring_storage.load() {
+            Ok(Some(auth)) => Ok(Some(auth)),
+            Ok(None) => self.file_storage.load(),
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("failed to load CLI auth from keyring, falling back to file storage: {err}");
+                self.file_storage.load()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, auth: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        match self.keyring_storage.save(auth) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("failed to save auth to keyring, falling back to file storage: {err}");
+                self.file_storage.save(auth)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+        // Keyring storage will delete from disk as well
+        self.keyring_storage.delete()
+    }
+}
+
 pub(super) fn create_auth_storage(
     codex_home: PathBuf,
     mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend> {
+    let keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore> = Arc::new(DefaultKeyringStore);
+    create_auth_storage_with_keyring_store(codex_home, mode, keyring_store)
+}
+
+fn create_auth_storage_with_keyring_store(
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+    mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+    keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>,
 ) -> Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend> {
     match mode {
         AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File => Arc::new(FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home)),
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::Keyring => {
+            Arc::new(KeyringAuthStorage::new(codex_home, keyring_store))
+        }
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::Auto => Arc::new(AutoAuthStorage::new(codex_home, keyring_store)),
     }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::token_data::IdTokenInfo;
     use anyhow::Context;
+    use base64::Engine;
     use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use serde_json::json;
     use tempfile::tempdir;
 
+    use codex_keyring_store::tests::MockKeyringStore;
+    use keyring::Error as KeyringError;
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn file_storage_load_returns_auth_dot_json() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
         let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf());
         let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
             openai_api_key: Some("test-key".to_string()),
@@ -151,7 +311,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn file_storage_save_persists_auth_dot_json() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
         let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf());
         let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
             openai_api_key: Some("test-key".to_string()),
@@ -188,4 +348,325 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!dir.path().join("auth.json").exists());
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    fn seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete<F>(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        codex_home: &Path,
+        compute_key: F,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<(String, PathBuf)>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce() -> std::io::Result<String>,
+    {
+        let key = compute_key()?;
+        mock_keyring.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key, "{}")?;
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+        std::fs::write(&auth_file, "stale")?;
+        Ok((key, auth_file))
+    }
+
+    fn seed_keyring_with_auth<F>(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        compute_key: F,
+        auth: &AuthDotJson,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce() -> std::io::Result<String>,
+    {
+        let key = compute_key()?;
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(auth)?;
+        mock_keyring.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key, &serialized)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        key: &str,
+        codex_home: &Path,
+        expected: &AuthDotJson,
+    ) {
+        let saved_value = mock_keyring
+            .saved_value(key)
+            .expect("keyring entry should exist");
+        let expected_serialized = serde_json::to_string(expected).expect("serialize expected auth");
+        assert_eq!(saved_value, expected_serialized);
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after keyring save"
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn id_token_with_prefix(prefix: &str) -> IdTokenInfo {
+        #[derive(Serialize)]
+        struct Header {
+            alg: &'static str,
+            typ: &'static str,
+        }
+
+        let header = Header {
+            alg: "none",
+            typ: "JWT",
+        };
+        let payload = json!({
+            "email": format!("{prefix}@example.com"),
+            "https://api.openai.com/auth": {
+                "chatgpt_account_id": format!("{prefix}-account"),
+            },
+        });
+        let encode = |bytes: &[u8]| base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.encode(bytes);
+        let header_b64 = encode(&serde_json::to_vec(&header).expect("serialize header"));
+        let payload_b64 = encode(&serde_json::to_vec(&payload).expect("serialize payload"));
+        let signature_b64 = encode(b"sig");
+        let fake_jwt = format!("{header_b64}.{payload_b64}.{signature_b64}");
+
+        crate::token_data::parse_id_token(&fake_jwt).expect("fake JWT should parse")
+    }
+
+    fn auth_with_prefix(prefix: &str) -> AuthDotJson {
+        AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some(format!("{prefix}-api-key")),
+            tokens: Some(TokenData {
+                id_token: id_token_with_prefix(prefix),
+                access_token: format!("{prefix}-access"),
+                refresh_token: format!("{prefix}-refresh"),
+                account_id: Some(format!("{prefix}-account-id")),
+            }),
+            last_refresh: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_load_returns_deserialized_auth() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let expected = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some("sk-test".to_string()),
+            tokens: None,
+            last_refresh: None,
+        };
+        seed_keyring_with_auth(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+            &expected,
+        )?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(Some(expected), loaded);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_compute_store_key_for_home_directory() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = PathBuf::from("~/.codex");
+
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.as_path())?;
+
+        assert_eq!(key, "cli|940db7b1d0e4eb40");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_save_persists_and_removes_fallback_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
+        std::fs::write(&auth_file, "stale")?;
+        let auth = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: None,
+            tokens: Some(TokenData {
+                id_token: Default::default(),
+                access_token: "access".to_string(),
+                refresh_token: "refresh".to_string(),
+                account_id: Some("account".to_string()),
+            }),
+            last_refresh: Some(Utc::now()),
+        };
+
+        storage.save(&auth)?;
+
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            &key,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            &auth,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_delete_removes_keyring_and_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let (key, auth_file) = seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+        )?;
+
+        let removed = storage.delete()?;
+
+        assert!(removed, "delete should report removal");
+        assert!(
+            !mock_keyring.contains(&key),
+            "keyring entry should be removed"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after keyring delete"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_prefers_keyring_value() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let keyring_auth = auth_with_prefix("keyring");
+        seed_keyring_with_auth(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+            &keyring_auth,
+        )?;
+
+        let file_auth = auth_with_prefix("file");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&file_auth)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(keyring_auth));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_uses_file_when_keyring_empty() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf(), Arc::new(mock_keyring));
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("file-only");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(expected));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_falls_back_when_keyring_errors() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        mock_keyring.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "load".into()));
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("fallback");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(expected));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_save_prefers_keyring() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+
+        let stale = auth_with_prefix("stale");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&stale)?;
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("to-save");
+        storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            &key,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            &expected,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_save_falls_back_when_keyring_errors() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        mock_keyring.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "save".into()));
+
+        let auth = auth_with_prefix("fallback");
+        storage.save(&auth)?;
+
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
+        assert!(
+            auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be created when keyring save fails"
+        );
+        let saved = storage
+            .file_storage
+            .load()?
+            .context("fallback auth should exist")?;
+        assert_eq!(saved, auth);
+        assert!(
+            mock_keyring.saved_value(&key).is_none(),
+            "keyring should not contain value when save fails"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_delete_removes_keyring_and_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let (key, auth_file) = seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+        )?;
+
+        let removed = storage.delete()?;
+
+        assert!(removed, "delete should report removal");
+        assert!(
+            !mock_keyring.contains(&key),
+            "keyring entry should be removed"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after delete"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }

codex-rs/keyring-store/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+edition = "2024"
+name = "codex-keyring-store"
+version = { workspace = true }
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+keyring = { workspace = true }
+tracing = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/keyring-store/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+use keyring::Entry;
+use keyring::Error as KeyringError;
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use tracing::trace;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum CredentialStoreError {
+    Other(KeyringError),
+}
+
+impl CredentialStoreError {
+    pub fn new(error: KeyringError) -> Self {
+        Self::Other(error)
+    }
+
+    pub fn message(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            Self::Other(error) => error.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_error(self) -> KeyringError {
+        match self {
+            Self::Other(error) => error,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CredentialStoreError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Other(error) => write!(f, "{error}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for CredentialStoreError {}
+
+/// Shared credential store abstraction for keyring-backed implementations.
+pub trait KeyringStore: Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn load(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError>;
+    fn save(&self, service: &str, account: &str, value: &str) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError>;
+    fn delete(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError>;
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct DefaultKeyringStore;
+
+impl KeyringStore for DefaultKeyringStore {
+    fn load(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError> {
+        trace!("keyring.load start, service={service}, account={account}");
+        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
+        match entry.get_password() {
+            Ok(password) => {
+                trace!("keyring.load success, service={service}, account={account}");
+                Ok(Some(password))
+            }
+            Err(keyring::Error::NoEntry) => {
+                trace!("keyring.load no entry, service={service}, account={account}");
+                Ok(None)
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                trace!("keyring.load error, service={service}, account={account}, error={error}");
+                Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, service: &str, account: &str, value: &str) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError> {
+        trace!(
+            "keyring.save start, service={service}, account={account}, value_len={}",
+            value.len()
+        );
+        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
+        match entry.set_password(value) {
+            Ok(()) => {
+                trace!("keyring.save success, service={service}, account={account}");
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                trace!("keyring.save error, service={service}, account={account}, error={error}");
+                Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError> {
+        trace!("keyring.delete start, service={service}, account={account}");
+        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
+        match entry.delete_credential() {
+            Ok(()) => {
+                trace!("keyring.delete success, service={service}, account={account}");
+                Ok(true)
+            }
+            Err(keyring::Error::NoEntry) => {
+                trace!("keyring.delete no entry, service={service}, account={account}");
+                Ok(false)
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                trace!("keyring.delete error, service={service}, account={account}, error={error}");
+                Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub mod tests {
+    use super::CredentialStoreError;
+    use super::KeyringStore;
+    use keyring::Error as KeyringError;
+    use keyring::credential::CredentialApi as _;
+    use keyring::mock::MockCredential;
+    use std::collections::HashMap;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+    use std::sync::Mutex;
+    use std::sync::PoisonError;
+
+    #[derive(Default, Clone, Debug)]
+    pub struct MockKeyringStore {
+        credentials: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, Arc<MockCredential>>>>,
+    }
+
+    impl MockKeyringStore {
+        pub fn credential(&self, account: &str) -> Arc<MockCredential> {
+            let mut guard = self
+                .credentials
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+            guard
+                .entry(account.to_string())
+                .or_insert_with(|| Arc::new(MockCredential::default()))
+                .clone()
+        }
+
+        pub fn saved_value(&self, account: &str) -> Option<String> {
+            let credential = {
+                let guard = self
+                    .credentials
+                    .lock()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+                guard.get(account).cloned()
+            }?;
+            credential.get_password().ok()
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_error(&self, account: &str, error: KeyringError) {
+            let credential = self.credential(account);
+            credential.set_error(error);
+        }
+
+        pub fn contains(&self, account: &str) -> bool {
+            let guard = self
+                .credentials
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+            guard.contains_key(account)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl KeyringStore for MockKeyringStore {
+        fn load(
+            &self,
+            _service: &str,
+            account: &str,
+        ) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError> {
+            let credential = {
+                let guard = self
+                    .credentials
+                    .lock()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+                guard.get(account).cloned()
+            };
+
+            let Some(credential) = credential else {
+                return Ok(None);
+            };
+
+            match credential.get_password() {
+                Ok(password) => Ok(Some(password)),
+                Err(KeyringError::NoEntry) => Ok(None),
+                Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn save(
+            &self,
+            _service: &str,
+            account: &str,
+            value: &str,
+        ) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError> {
+            let credential = self.credential(account);
+            credential
+                .set_password(value)
+                .map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)
+        }
+
+        fn delete(&self, _service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError> {
+            let credential = {
+                let guard = self
+                    .credentials
+                    .lock()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+                guard.get(account).cloned()
+            };
+
+            let Some(credential) = credential else {
+                return Ok(false);
+            };
+
+            let removed = match credential.delete_credential() {
+                Ok(()) => Ok(true),
+                Err(KeyringError::NoEntry) => Ok(false),
+                Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
+            }?;
+
+            let mut guard = self
+                .credentials
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner);
+            guard.remove(account);
+            Ok(removed)
+        }
+    }
+}

codex-rs/rmcp-client/Cargo.toml

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ axum = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = [
     "http1",
     "tokio",
 ] }
+codex-keyring-store = { workspace = true }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
+dirs = { workspace = true }
+futures = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["std"] }
 keyring = { workspace = true, features = [
     "apple-native",
     "crypto-rust",
@@ -20,6 +23,12 @@ keyring = { workspace = true, features = [
     "windows-native",
 ] }
 mcp-types = { path = "../mcp-types" }
+oauth2 = "5"
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = [
+    "json",
+    "stream",
+    "rustls-tls",
+] }
 rmcp = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = [
     "auth",
     "base64",
@@ -31,17 +40,9 @@ rmcp = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = [
     "transport-streamable-http-client-reqwest",
     "transport-streamable-http-server",
 ] }
-futures = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["std"] }
-reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = [
-    "json",
-    "stream",
-    "rustls-tls",
-] }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 sha2 = { workspace = true }
-dirs = { workspace = true }
-oauth2 = "5"
 tiny_http = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = [
     "io-util",

codex-rs/rmcp-client/src/oauth.rs

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 //! If the keyring is not available or fails, we fall back to CODEX_HOME/.credentials.json which is consistent with other coding CLI agents.
 
 use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Error;
 use anyhow::Result;
-use keyring::Entry;
 use oauth2::AccessToken;
 use oauth2::EmptyExtraTokenFields;
 use oauth2::RefreshToken;
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ use serde_json::map::Map as JsonMap;
 use sha2::Digest;
 use sha2::Sha256;
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-use std::fmt;
 use std::fs;
 use std::io::ErrorKind;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
@@ -43,6 +42,8 @@ use std::time::SystemTime;
 use std::time::UNIX_EPOCH;
 use tracing::warn;
 
+use codex_keyring_store::DefaultKeyringStore;
+use codex_keyring_store::KeyringStore;
 use rmcp::transport::auth::AuthorizationManager;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;
 
@@ -73,64 +74,6 @@ pub enum OAuthCredentialsStoreMode {
     Keyring,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct CredentialStoreError(anyhow::Error);
-
-impl CredentialStoreError {
-    fn new(error: impl Into<anyhow::Error>) -> Self {
-        Self(error.into())
-    }
-
-    fn message(&self) -> String {
-        self.0.to_string()
-    }
-
-    fn into_error(self) -> anyhow::Error {
-        self.0
-    }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for CredentialStoreError {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::error::Error for CredentialStoreError {}
-
-trait KeyringStore {
-    fn load(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError>;
-    fn save(&self, service: &str, account: &str, value: &str) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError>;
-    fn delete(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError>;
-}
-
-struct DefaultKeyringStore;
-
-impl KeyringStore for DefaultKeyringStore {
-    fn load(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError> {
-        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
-        match entry.get_password() {
-            Ok(password) => Ok(Some(password)),
-            Err(keyring::Error::NoEntry) => Ok(None),
-            Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn save(&self, service: &str, account: &str, value: &str) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError> {
-        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
-        entry.set_password(value).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)
-    }
-
-    fn delete(&self, service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError> {
-        let entry = Entry::new(service, account).map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)?;
-        match entry.delete_credential() {
-            Ok(()) => Ok(true),
-            Err(keyring::Error::NoEntry) => Ok(false),
-            Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// Wrap OAuthTokenResponse to allow for partial equality comparison.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct WrappedOAuthTokenResponse(pub OAuthTokenResponse);
@@ -199,7 +142,7 @@ fn load_oauth_tokens_from_keyring<K: KeyringStore>(
             Ok(Some(tokens))
         }
         Ok(None) => Ok(None),
-        Err(error) => Err(error.into_error()),
+        Err(error) => Err(Error::new(error.into_error())),
     }
 }
 
@@ -243,7 +186,7 @@ fn save_oauth_tokens_with_keyring<K: KeyringStore>(
                 error.message()
             );
             warn!("{message}");
-            Err(error.into_error().context(message))
+            Err(Error::new(error.into_error()).context(message))
         }
     }
 }
@@ -595,109 +538,14 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use anyhow::Result;
     use keyring::Error as KeyringError;
-    use keyring::credential::CredentialApi as _;
-    use keyring::mock::MockCredential;
     use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
-    use std::collections::HashMap;
-    use std::sync::Arc;
     use std::sync::Mutex;
     use std::sync::MutexGuard;
     use std::sync::OnceLock;
     use std::sync::PoisonError;
     use tempfile::tempdir;
 
-    #[derive(Default, Clone)]
+    use codex_keyring_store::tests::MockKeyringStore;
-    struct MockCredentialStore {
-        credentials: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, Arc<MockCredential>>>>,
-    }
-
-    impl MockCredentialStore {
-        fn credential(&self, account: &str) -> Arc<MockCredential> {
-            let mut guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-            guard
-                .entry(account.to_string())
-                .or_insert_with(|| Arc::new(MockCredential::default()))
-                .clone()
-        }
-
-        fn saved_value(&self, account: &str) -> Option<String> {
-            let credential = {
-                let guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-                guard.get(account).cloned()
-            }?;
-            credential.get_password().ok()
-        }
-
-        fn set_error(&self, account: &str, error: KeyringError) {
-            let credential = self.credential(account);
-            credential.set_error(error);
-        }
-
-        fn contains(&self, account: &str) -> bool {
-            let guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-            guard.contains_key(account)
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl KeyringStore for MockCredentialStore {
-        fn load(
-            &self,
-            _service: &str,
-            account: &str,
-        ) -> Result<Option<String>, CredentialStoreError> {
-            let credential = {
-                let guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-                guard.get(account).cloned()
-            };
-
-            let Some(credential) = credential else {
-                return Ok(None);
-            };
-
-            match credential.get_password() {
-                Ok(password) => Ok(Some(password)),
-                Err(KeyringError::NoEntry) => Ok(None),
-                Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn save(
-            &self,
-            _service: &str,
-            account: &str,
-            value: &str,
-        ) -> Result<(), CredentialStoreError> {
-            let credential = self.credential(account);
-            credential
-                .set_password(value)
-                .map_err(CredentialStoreError::new)
-        }
-
-        fn delete(&self, _service: &str, account: &str) -> Result<bool, CredentialStoreError> {
-            let credential = {
-                let guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-                guard.get(account).cloned()
-            };
-
-            let Some(credential) = credential else {
-                return Ok(false);
-            };
-
-            match credential.delete_credential() {
-                Ok(()) => {
-                    let mut guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-                    guard.remove(account);
-                    Ok(true)
-                }
-                Err(KeyringError::NoEntry) => {
-                    let mut guard = self.credentials.lock().unwrap();
-                    guard.remove(account);
-                    Ok(false)
-                }
-                Err(error) => Err(CredentialStoreError::new(error)),
-            }
-        }
-    }
 
     struct TempCodexHome {
         _guard: MutexGuard<'static, ()>,
@@ -733,7 +581,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn load_oauth_tokens_reads_from_keyring_when_available() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let expected = tokens.clone();
         let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&tokens)?;
@@ -749,7 +597,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn load_oauth_tokens_falls_back_when_missing_in_keyring() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let expected = tokens.clone();
 
@@ -768,7 +616,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn load_oauth_tokens_falls_back_when_keyring_errors() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let expected = tokens.clone();
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
@@ -789,7 +637,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn save_oauth_tokens_prefers_keyring_when_available() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
 
@@ -811,7 +659,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn save_oauth_tokens_writes_fallback_when_keyring_fails() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
         store.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "save".into()));
@@ -841,7 +689,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn delete_oauth_tokens_removes_all_storage() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&tokens)?;
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
@@ -863,7 +711,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn delete_oauth_tokens_file_mode_removes_keyring_only_entry() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&tokens)?;
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
@@ -885,7 +733,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn delete_oauth_tokens_propagates_keyring_errors() -> Result<()> {
         let _env = TempCodexHome::new();
-        let store = MockCredentialStore::default();
+        let store = MockKeyringStore::default();
         let tokens = sample_tokens();
         let key = super::compute_store_key(&tokens.server_name, &tokens.url)?;
         store.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "delete".into()));